局域攻击下的网络修复问题

简介：基础设施网络是现代社会的一种重要的实际系统，它的安全性一直是各领域研究者关注的问题。在复杂网络的研究中，很多已有工作对于网络的抗毁性进行了研究。这些工作基本都是研究网络遭受随机攻击和蓄意大度攻击时的影响。然而，还有一些真实情况，网络遭受的是局域式的攻击，例如地震和台风对交通网络(公路和铁路网等)的破坏。本文研究了在网络受到局域攻击后的修复问题。我们发现虽然局域攻击对网络的破坏程度比蓄意大度攻击小，但是它的修复更为困难（即难以通过修复少数节点大幅度恢复网络功能）。为解决此问题，我们提出了两种针对局域攻击的网络修复策略。这两种策略能比随机修复更有效的恢复网络功能，其效果接近贪婪算法。本文的相关结论不仅在模型网络上验证，并且在海南岛公路网络结合台风和地震攻击数据上也得到了验证。

摘要：

The stability of infrastructure network is always a critical issue studied by researchers in different fields. A lot of works have been devoted to reveal the robustness of the infrastructure networks against random and malicious attacks. However, real attack scenarios such as earthquakes and typhoons are instead localised attacks which are investigated only recently. Unlike previous studies, we examine in this paper the resilience of infrastructure networks by focusing on the recovery process from localised attacks. We introduce various preferential repair strategies and found that they facilitate and improve network recovery compared to that of random repairs, especially when population size is uneven at different locations. Moreover, our strategic repair methods show similar effectiveness as the greedy repair. The validations are conducted on simulated networks, and on real networks with real disasters. Our method is meaningful in practice as it can largely enhance network resilience and contribute to network risk reduction.

原文链接：http://www.nature.com/articles/srep24522